Al-Khazraji adds more information in his book نفس الصباح في غريب القرآن وناسخه ومنسوخه, volume 1, page 279. He says that Ibn Abbaas had three different opinions, all reported by An-Nahhaas:
- Verse 65:1 abrogated 4:24,
- The laws of marriage, divorce, grace period, dowry, testimony, and inheritance abrogated 4:24.
- Verse 4:24 is not abrogated; it's about temporary marriage, not the proper marriage.
`Aa'isha (RA), `Urwa, Ibn Al-Musayyib, Al-Qaasim ibn Muhammad and As-Suddi all agree with the second opinion. `Aa'isha (RA) also had another opinion: that 23:5 abrogated 4:24. Makki reported that and commented that it can't be because Chapter 23 was revealed in Mecca long before Chapter 4, which was revealed in Medina. Ash-Shaafi`i agreed with `Aa'isha.
IMHO, all four opinions are missing the point of 4:24: marriage, whether proper or temporary, must be accompanied by dowry when consummated. That has never been abrogated. The fact that the Prophet (PBUH) allowed temporary marriage then forbade it has no bearing on the fact that dowry must be given to the bride.
Lastly, Al-Khazraji says that all scholars who agreed with the abrogation of 4:24 by the prohibition of temporary marriage, they also said that the clause
ولاجناح عليكم فيما تراضيتم به من بعد الفريضة (and there is no blame on you in what you agree to beyond the obligation), was also abrogated. An-Nahhaas also said that those who disagreed that 4:24 was not abrogated have said that a husband who has financial difficulty may negotiate the dowry. It is difficult to see how this conclusion can be made when God clearly says "Beyond the obligation".